Working paper series

Methodology, in writing.

Every claim our products make is backed by a paper — methodology, convergence proofs and reproducible case studies. The two BESS papers behind CECadence are published and downloadable below; three more are in the pipeline.

The series

Two published, three in the pipeline.

The BESS papers (WP01, WP02) are published in full — download them directly. The remaining three are circulating internally; PDFs follow on a request-access basis. Drop your details on the contact page to be notified at publication, or to request early access for due diligence.

CE-WP-2026-01 Working paper · BESS Published

Cannibalisation as a fixed point: revenue forecasting for battery energy storage in liberalised electricity markets.

Variational-inequality formulation of the BESS cannibalisation equilibrium with explicit convergence theorem; reproducible stylised GB case study quantifying the price-taker forecasting bias at NESO 2030 fleet penetrations.

CE-WP-2026-02 Working paper · BESS Published

Five-product co-optimisation of GB BESS revenue stacks: a stochastic stack model.

Extends the cannibalisation framework from wholesale-only to the full GB stack — energy arbitrage plus DC-L, DC-H, DR-L and DR-H — with a state-of-charge-coupled dispatch LP, validated against published settlement data.

CE-WP-2026-03 Working paper · v1 Coming soon

Stabilised decomposition with embedded N-1 contingency cuts: a scalable framework for security-constrained stochastic capacity expansion.

Decomposition framework retaining nodal resolution, multi-stage stochastic structure and full N-1 security at GB scale, with finite-convergence proofs and a reproducible 30-zone GB case study.

CE-WP-2026-04 Working paper · v1 Coming soon

Pruned ReLU surrogates: embedding non-linear physics into MILP-based energy system optimisation with explicit error bounds.

A unified framework for embedding non-linear physical models — aerodynamic wake interactions, distribution-feeder hosting capacity, conversion-efficiency surfaces — into MILPs via ReLU surrogates with provable per-neuron error bounds.

CE-NOTE-2025-03 Position paper Coming soon

Training equals production: why we never train on synthetic hindcasts.

A short methodology note on the discipline of using only realised conditions for calibration, why it matters for drift, and what it costs to maintain.

On request

Early access for due diligence.

Investors, prospective counterparties and academic collaborators with a specific need can request pre-publication PDFs and the per-product technical specifications under NDA. Tech specs cover CEAtlas, CEForesight, CEGridSight, CENovaSage, CESentinel, CompoundVision, CEMeridian, CEVentus, CEHelios, CEDeris, CENovaFuels and CECadence.